Publikationer

Abstract: Cavities (crypts) formed postmortally within conjoined valves of acrotretoid brachiopods from the Fimbuldal Formation (Cambrian, Miaolingian Series) of North Greenland contain phosphate encrustations of microbial threads, probably fungi. The planar relationship between these cryptoendolithic masses and the sediment that partially fills the brachiopod interiors defines palaeohorizontal surfaces within geopetal structures. These surfaces parallel the commissural plane, indicating that the dead shells lay in a hydronamically stable position on or within the bottom sediment at the time the geopetals were formed.

Keywords: Cryptoendoliths, geopetals, Cambrian, Miaolingian Series, North Greenland, Laurentia.

Address: John S. Peel, [john [dot] peel [at] pal [dot] uu [dot] se], Department of Earth Sciences (Palaeobiology), Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE–75236 Uppsala, Sweden. 

Abstract: The free-living part of the restricted bryozoan fauna in the Late Miocene (Tortonian) Gram Formation, Denmark is described. Four species are recorded: Cupuladria aff. biporosa, Lunulites voigti, Reussirella germinatio n. sp. and Gramipora laxevincta n. gen., n. sp. The new suborder Cupuladriina nov. is introduced. The concepts of ‘free-living’ vs. ‘free-lying’ colonies are discussed briefly, with three categories of ‘free-living’ colonies considered, all exemplified by the four free-living taxa in the Gram fauna.

Keywords: Bryozoa, functional morphology, taxonomy, new taxa, Cupuladriina.

Address: Eckart Håkansson (eckart [dot] hakansson [at] uwa [dot] edu [dot] au), School of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia; also: GeoMuseum Faxe, Rådhusvej 2, DK-4640 Faxe, Denmark, orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-5586. Sten Lennart Jakobsen, GeoMuseum Faxe, Rådhusvej 2, DK-4640 Faxe, Denmark. Antonietta Rosso (rosso@unict. it), Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy, orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-9513. Erik Thomsen, Department of Geoscience, University of Aarhus, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

Abstract: The systematic affinities of Palaeocentrotus boggildi within acanthomorph fishes have never been properly discussed. A comparative analysis of the skeletal anatomy of the genera Cyttus and Zeus was used by Kühne to support the placement of Palaeocentrotus within the zeiforms, despite certain features are completely different from those characteristic of zeiforms. Bonde (1966) was the first that recognised the lampridiform affinities of Palaeocentrotus and allocated the genus to its own family, Palaeocentrotidae. However, this hypothesis was not supported by a discussion of the relevant features to justify a possible relationship with the Lampridiformes. The anatomical survey of the known material of Palaeocentrotus boggildi presented here resulted in the identification of a suite of features that is regarded as diagnostic of the Lampridiformes, including: anterior palatine process absent, mesethmoid posterior to lateral ethmoids, elongate ascending premaxillary process longer than the alveolar process and inserting into the frontal vault, premaxilla and dentary edentolous, endopterygoid teeth absent, urohyal bearing a large ventral laminar expansion, second ural centrum free from fused first ural and preural centra and fused posteriorly to the upper hypural plate, presence of two supraneurals and of a single postcleithrum. The most striking feature of the Palaeocentrotidae, comprising only Palaeocentrotus and Natgeosocus, is the unique configuration of the dorsal fin wherein true spines occur exclusively in the central portion. This peculiar condition represents a further example of the remarkable plasticity of the acanthomorph median fins.

Keywords: Palaeocentrotidae, Paleogene, Ypresian, Natgeosocus, dorsal fin.

Address: Ane Elise Schrøder [aes [at] ign [dot] ku [dot] dk], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark; also Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Torino, Italy [aneelise [dot] schroder [at] unito [dot] it] https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-400X. Bent Erik Kramer Lindow [cetotherium [at] hotmail [dot] com], Kalk/Østsjællands Museer, Østervej 2, 4640 Faxe, Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1864-4221. Giorgio Carnevale [giorgio [dot] carnevale [at] unito [dot] it], Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Torino, Italy http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3433-4127.

Abstract: New material of trilobites and agnostoids has been collected from in situ occurrences of the Miaolingian Exporrecta Conglomerate in Västergötland, Sweden, and from Pleistocene ice-rafted boulders of the Andrarum Limestone and Exporrecta Conglomerate in Denmark, which are assumed to derive from that region. Both units represent the lower part of the Lejopyge laevigata Zone. The erratic boulders of Andrarum Limestone consist of compact, light- to dark-grey, highly fossiliferous limestone, essentially identical to the Andrarum Limestone in southernmost Scandinavia (Skåne–Bornholm). To date, no in situ occurrences of this lithology have been documented from anywhere in Scandinavia north of Skåne. The new fossil material includes well-preserved specimens of Acontheus acutangulus, Corynexochus spinulosus and Dolichometopus svecicus. Notably, the new pygidia of these taxa show features not recorded in the respective type specimens, which are refigured here for comparison.

Keywords: Miaolingian, Sweden, Västergötland, Andrarum Limestone, Exporrecta Conglomerate, trilobites, agnostoids.

Address: Thomas Weidner [to [dot] we [at] paradis [dot] dk], DK-7130, Ravnholtvej 23, Rårup, DK 7130, Juelsminde, Denmark. Arne Thorshøj Nielsen [arnet [at] ign [dot] ku [dot] dk], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Jan Ove R. Ebbestad [jan-ove [dot] ebbestad [at] em [dot] uu [dot] se], Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE–752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.

Abstract: This is the first comprehensive description of late Oligocene otoliths from the northern North Sea Basin, i.e., the Norwegian–Danish Basin. More than 2100 otolith specimens had been collected from 17 localities in Denmark and from the erratic Sternberger Gestein of Mecklenburg, Germany. A total of 60 species have been identified from the Danish localities, of which 9 are new species, and four from the Sternberger Gestein and three further species are described from localities in the southern North Sea Basin that have previously remained as nomina nuda. The new species in the sequence of description are Sardinella mecklenburgensis, Palaeoesox scandicus, Paraulopus superstitius, Lampanyctus morsensis, Lampanyctus vilsundensis, Enchelyopus dybkjaerae, Palimphemus pinguis, Trisopterus brevicollum, Trisopterus cylindratus, Trisopterus weileri, Coelorinchus ignotus, Nomeus sternbergensis, Artediellus iutlandicus, Myoxocephalus aculeatus, Dapalis bradicae and Lophiodes sliwinskae. The faunal composition exhibits some substantial differences to well-known otolith assemblages of the southern North Sea Basin in western Germany, The Netherlands and Belgium. These differences are thought to be related to cooler water temperatures in the northern North Sea Basin during the late Oligocene compared to the postulated warm pool in the southern North Sea Basin. Certain localities in the northwestern region of Jutland (Denmark) were deposited in greater water depth on the lower shelf or upper bathyal zone and contained for the first time in the upper Oligocene otoliths of the mesopelagic Myctophidae and the bathybenthic Macrouridae in the North Sea Basin. In combining the knowledge of otoliths from the southern and northern parts of the basin, we arrive at an improved understanding of the evolution of bony fishes in the region during the late Oligocene, a time when the North Sea Basin had transformed into a cul-de-sac basin open only to the north. Climatic changes such as cold pulses (Oi-2 and Mi-1 events) and warm influx (Asterigerina Horizon) are reflected in the composition of the fish fauna. The enhanced otolith database enabled us to establish a consistent, formal otolith zonation for the Oligocene of the North Sea Basin based on gadid otoliths. Moreover, we performed 87Sr/86Sr isotope analyses for certain localities in addition to those published, and as a result, we propose to expand the range of the Brejning Formation from about 22.4 Ma to 26.0 Ma, therewith extending into the basal Miocene.

Keywords: Otoliths, upper Oligocene, Brejning Formation, Denmark, Sternberger Gestein, otolith stratigraphy.

Address: Werner W. Schwarzhans [wwschwarz [at] aol [dot] com], Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, DK – 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark, and Ahrensburger Weg 103, D-22359 Hamburg, Germany, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-7989. Kai Ingemann Schnetler [ingemann [at] schnetler [dot] dk], Fuglebakken 14, Stevnstrup, DK-8870 Langå, Denmark, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2298-2875. Kent Albin Nielsen [kent [at] ksjm [dot] dk], Tingskoven 22, DK -7330 Brande, Denmark, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5800-5774. Mogens Stentoft Nielsen [rimo [at] mail [dot] dk], Dankvart Drejers Vej 42, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark. Henrik Madsen [henrik [dot] madsen [at] museummors [dot] dk], Fossil and Mo-clay Museum, Museum Mors, Skarrehagevej 8, DK-7900, Nykøbing Mors, Denmark.

Abstract: The majority of Palaeogene coprolite localities are in nonmarine strata. We describe a new, large and diverse ichnofauna of small-sized vertebrate and invertebrate coprolites ranging from 0.5 – 14 mm in length, from the marine Eocene of Denmark that includes several new ichnotaxa. The ichnofauna derives from the early – middle Eocene Røsnæs Clay Formation (R6) and Lillebælt Clay Formation (L2) in the active claypit at Hinge, middle Jylland, Denmark. The vertebrate coprolites represent six morphotypes and 6 new ichnotaxa – Kylindrocopros hingeensis igen. et isp. nov., Kathemacopros duffini igen. et isp. nov., Osteocopros frandseni igen. et isp. nov., Commacopros dentziendiasae igen. et isp. nov., Kranocopros lucasi igen. et isp. nov. and Hingecopros lillebæltensis igen. et isp. nov. We recognize a new ichnospecies of Kylindrocopros, K. rakshitae igen. et isp. nov. from the Eocene of the United States. Funiculocopros sinuosus igen. et isp. nov. is a member of the invertebrate coprolite ichnofamily Lumbricariidae and is the only post-Mesozoic example. This assemblage includes a rare co-occurrence of vertebrate and invertebrate coprolites.

Keywords: Coprolites, vertebrate, invertebrate, Eocene, Denmark.

Address: Adrian P. Hunt [ahunt [at] flyingheritage [dot] org], Flying Heritage and Combat Armor Museum, 3407 109th SW, Everett, WA 98204, USA. Kent Albin Nielsen [kent [at] ksjm [dot] dk], Tingskoven 22, DK-7330 Brande, Denmark. Jesper Milàn [jesperm [at] oesm [dot] dk], KALK/ Museums of East Zealand, Østervej 2, DK-4640 Faxe, Denmark.

Abstract: The serpulid palaeocommunity of the Late Oligocene Brejning Formation in Jylland (Jutland) is described and discussed based on specimens collected at Vilsund, Mogenstrup, Hinge, Aarhus, and Nørre Vissing localities. The serpulid species are: Protula cf. septaria (Giebel, 1858), Filogranula mogenstrupensis sp. nov., Placostegus vilsundensis sp. nov., Placostegus cf. erectus (Nielsen, 1931), and Placostegus cf. bilobatus (von Koenen, 1891). The semi-ordered irregularly oriented prismatic microstructure (SOIOP) of the tube wall of Protula cf. septaria (Giebel, 1858) is examined and discussed for the first time. These serpulids lived in a calm, normal marine palaeoenvironment below storm wave base. Furthermore, the first known vermetid gastropod from the Late Oligocene of Jylland, Vermetus jyllandensis sp. nov., is introduced, and its shell microstructure is discussed.

Keywords: Serpulidae, Vermetidae, Brejning Formation, Upper Oligocene, Jutland, Denmark, skeletal microstructure.

Address: Tomáš Kočí [protula [at] seznam [dot] cz] Ivančická 581, Prague 9 – Letňany, 19900, Czech Republic, and Paleontological Department of Natural History Museum, National Museum at Prague, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Prague 9 Horní Počernice, Czech Republic, and Institute for Palaeobiology and Evolution, Novi trg 59, 1241 Kamnik, Slovenia. Kai Ingemann Schnetler [ingemann [at] schnetler [dot] dk], Fuglebakken 14, Stevnstrup, DK-8870 Langå, Denmark. Henrik Madsen [henrik [dot] madsen [at] museummors [dot] dk], Museum Mors, The Fossil and Mo-clay Museum, Skarrehagevej 8, 7900 Nykøbing, Denmark. Manfred Jäger [langstein. jaeger [at] web [dot] de], Lindenstrasse 53, 72348 Rosenfeld, Germany. Lenka Váchová [lenka [dot] vachova [at] nm [dot] cz], Paleontological Department of Natural History Museum, National Museum at Prague, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Prague 9 Horní Počernice, Czech Republic. Martina Kočová Veselská [kocovam [at] gli [dot] cas [dot] cz], Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic and Institute for Palaeobiology and Evolution, Novi trg 59, 1241 Kamnik, Slovenia.

Abstract: Microcommacopros is suggested as a replacement name for the ichnogenus Commacopros Hunt, Nielsen & Milàn, 2026, from the Eocene Lillebælt Clay Formation, to avoid confusion with the ichnogenus Kommacopros Duffin & Ward, 2025, from the Late Cretaceous of Marocco, as they share the same etymological root, but are morphologically different.

Keywords: Coprolites, vertebrate, invertebrate, Eocene, Denmark

Address: Adrian P. Hunt [ahunt [at] flyingheritage [dot] org], Flying Heritage and Combat Armor Museum, 3407 109th SW, Everett, WA 98204, USA. Kent Albin Nielsen [kent [at] ksjm [dot] dk], Tingskoven 22, DK-7330 Brande, Denmark. Jesper Milàn [jesperm [at] oesm [dot] dk], KALK/ Museums of East Zealand, Østervej 2, DK-4640 Faxe, Denmark.

Abstract: The Putoq Intrusion is a small (8 × 4 km) body of distinctive rocks that intruded Julianehåb Igneous Complex granitoids close to Qaqortoq in SW Greenland. It comprises an outer hornblende monzonite surrounding an inner hornblende syenite. Evidence for mingling with mafic magmas is present in both the monzonite and syenite. The rocks are metaluminous and quartz-bearing. Zircon U-Pb dating of two samples yields an age of c. 1.81 Ga, indicating a link to c. 1.81–1.79 Ga rocks of the younger portion of the Julianehåb Igneous Complex, and that the Putoq Intrusion is unrelated to the c. 1.1 Ga Gardar Province intrusions to the north. The Putoq Intrusion is similar to the Julianehåb Igneous Complex in that it has trace element patterns typical of crustal rocks linked to subduction, and initial 87Sr/86Sr and εNd values of 0.7027 to 0.7044 and +0.6 to –1.4, respectively. The higher K2O contents, more alkalic and ferroan compositions of the Putoq Intrusion are similar to contemporaneous granitoids of the Adlavik Domain in the Makkovik Province of Labrador, Canada. However, the Adlavik rocks are distinguished from the Putoq Intrusion by higher concentrations of high field strength elements. The Putoq Intrusion is therefore considered to represent an alkalic component of the Julianehåb Igneous Complex, potentially formed by fractionation of mafic magmas derived from melting of an enriched lithospheric mantle source.

Keywords: SW Greenland, Syenite, Geochronology, Geochemistry, Julianehåb Igneous Complex, Ketilidian Orogen.

Address: Tod Waight [todw [at] ign [dot] ku [dot] dk], Rikke Vestergaard, Merel Onderwater, Mariana Iwasaki, Panormitis Chaskas, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Benjamin Heredia, Tonny B. Thomsen, GEUS, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. MO also at Centre of Star and Planet Formation, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.

Abstract: The slender tubular conch and associated operculum comprising Hyolithellus micans, as originally proposed from the lower Cambrian of New York State, are described from the lower Cambrian Kap Troedsson Formation of North Greenland. Following a review of the nomenclative history, Discinella, also first described from New York State for the operculum without any assigned species, is regarded as a junior synonym of Hyolithellus micans as it was originally proposed. Hyolithellus and Discinella are generally employed as separate genera for just the conch and the operculum, respectively, a pragmatic approach since the operculum and conchs are rarely associated. The Kap Troedsson Formation samples are unusual on account of the collective occurrence of the phosphatic conchs and opercula with circular attachment scars and holdfasts, which supports their interpretation as comprising a single sedentary operculate annelid that was attached to hard substrates.

Keywords: Annelid, Kap Troedsson Formation, Cambrian, North Greenland, Laurentia.

Address: John S. Peel, [john [dot] peel [at] pal [dot] uu [dot] se], Department of Earth Sciences (Palaeobiology), Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE–75236 Uppsala, Sweden.

Abstract: In 2017 a 75 g meteorite was recovered from a roof cavity of a summer house annex at Dueodde on the Danish island of Bornholm. Although the fall of Denmark’s 8th recovered meteorite was not witnessed, the meteorite could have only resided there for a few years due to the age of the annex. We report the first detailed micro-analytical analysis of the mineral textures and mineral chemistries of this little-studied meteorite and attempt to classify the class, metamorphic grade and weathering state. Dueodde is a small, slightly abraded fusion-encrusted meteorite that has a pale medium to coarse-grained orthopyroxene-olivineplagioclase-metal-rich interior. The compositional range of olivine (Fa_16-20; where Fa = 100*Fe/(Fe+Mg)) and orthopyroxene (Fs_17-18; where Fs = 100*Fe/(Fe+Mg)) in matrix and chondrules confirms Dueodde to be an H class ordinary chondrite. Chemical element maps highlight the occurrence of barred, radial and porphyritic chondrules, some of which are up to c. 3 mm in diameter. These maps also reveal that all three types of chondrule are distinctly depleted in metal minerals compared to the matrix, with this texture interpreted to represent metal expulsion during chondrule formation prior to incorporation and metamorphism in the parent body. The preservation of chondrule textures, the small variation in olivine Fa across the entire sample, and the plagioclase compositions suggest that Dueodde experienced metamorphism of grade 5 whilst in the parent body.

Keywords: Meteorite, H5, Bornholm, classification.

Address: Mia R.E. Boothroyd, Charlotte R. Håkansson, Anna W. Jensen, Rasmus Andreason, James M.
Scott [jscott [at] geo [dot] au [dot] dk], Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 2, Aarhus, Denmark.

Abstract: A rich brachiopod fauna has been found in the topmost Maastrichtian chalk immediately below the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary clay at Stevns Klint, Denmark – the UNESCO World Heritage Site for the boundary. The brachiopods were obtained from the washing residue of a 25 kg bulk sample, Holtug-1. They represent the latest known Mesozoic brachiopod fauna, which lived in the Late Cretaceous Chalk Sea of northern Europe immediately before the cataclysmic boundary incident. The fauna comprises 28 mainly micromorphic species represented by 1967 individuals. This is more than the faunas obtained from the otherwise most benthos-rich parts of the Upper Cretaceous Chalk Group in terms of both number of species (richness) and individuals and includes the full range of morphological adaptations to life on the fine-grained seafloor recognised in the literature. The sample shows the highest richness compared to stratigraphically lower samples from Stevns Klint and is higher than in all other Danish sections where the K-Pg boundary is exposed. It is also higher than the richest samples from the densely sampled older Maastrichtian successions at Møns Klint, Denmark and at Hemmoor, northern Germany. The Chalk Sea was a unique macro-habitat for about 34 million years and the last Mesozoic brachiopods from Holtug-1 thus represent a climax in the long evolution of the very specialized brachiopod fauna of the chalk.

Keywords: Brachiopoda, Mesozoic, Maastrichtian, chalk, richness, Denmark.

Address: Finn Surlyk [finns [at] ign [dot] ku [dot] dk] Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen. Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Sten Lennart Jakobsen [Stenlennart [at] yahoo [dot] dk], KALK/Østsjællands Museer, Rådhusvej 2, DK-4640, Faxe, Denmark. Mette Hofstedt [hofstedt [at] gmail [dot] com], Ballesvej 65, 8543 Hornslet.

Abstract: The Maastrichtian chalk at Hemmoor in NW Germany contains a rich brachiopod fauna. A total of 29 species represented by about 10,000 individuals is obtained from washed bulk samples. The total number reaches 34 when 5 very rare, mainly fragmented species are added. The brachiopod fauna of the Maastrichtian chalk of northern Europe is also known from Denmark, Germany, Sweden, Poland, Belgium, the Netherlands and England. The Hemmoor succession represents the upper lower – lower upper Maastrichtian. It is biostratigraphically zoned by means of brachiopods, belemnites, ammonites, echinoids and bivalves. The brachiopod fauna allows recognition of the upper lower Maastrichtian pulchellus-tenuicostata, tenuicostata-semiglobularis and lower upper Maastrichtian semiglobularis-humboldtii brachiopod zones, allowing detailed correlation with the chalk in surrounding regions, notably Denmark and Rügen. The fauna is dominated by micromorphic species and three different ecological assemblages are recognized: a ‘standard’ chalk assemblage dominated by micromorphic species but also containing medium- and large-sized species, an assemblage comprising only micromorphic species, and an assemblage characterized by micromorphic species associated with medium-sized hemispherical species. The assemblages are interpreted as reflecting different water depths, availability and nature of substrates.

Keywords: Brachiopod biostratigraphy, Hemmoor Formation, NW Germany.

Address: Finn Surlyk [finns [at] ign [dot] ku [dot] dk], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Ane Elise Schrøder [aes [at] ign [dot] ku [dot] dk], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark; also Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Torino, Italy. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-400X.